Sirkeci Train Station
Sirkeci Terminal is a terminus main station of the Turkish State Railways (TCDD) in Sirkeci(
Eminonudistrict), on the
European side of
Istanbul. International, domestic and regional trains running westwards depart from this station which was inaugurated as the terminus of the Orient Express.
After the Crimean War, the Ottoman authorities concluded that a railway had to be built between Europe and
Istanbul. The first contract was signed with Labro, a British member of parliament, in January 1857. The contract was cancelled three months later because Labro was unable to provide the investment capital required. Similar second and third contracts signed with British and Belgian entrepreneurs in 1860 and 1868 ended with the same result. On April 17, 1869, the concession for the "Rumeli Railroad" was awarded to Baron Maurice de Hirsch (Moritz Freiherr Hirsch auf Gereuth), a Bavaria-born banker from Belgium. The project foresaw a route from
Istanbul via Edirne, Plovdiv and Sarajevo to the shore of the Sava River. The construction of the first 15 km from
Istanbul to Halkali began on June 4, 1870 and was completed on January 4, 1871. An extension of the line to Sirkeci was demanded as the starting point since Yesilkoy was too far away from
Eminonu, the main business district of that epoch. The first proposed option for the line was a route from
Beyazit down to the shore of the
Golden Horn. The Ottoman Sultan Abdulaziz decided and permitted the route to run on the shoreline of the
Sea of Marmara bordering the walls of
Topkapi Palace's lower garden. The extension line was completed on July 21, 1872. In 1873, a "temporary" terminus station in Sirkeci was built.
The construction of a new terminal building began on February 11, 1888. The terminus, which was initially named "Musir Ahmet Pasa Station", was opened on November 3, 1890, replacing the temporary one. The architect of the project was August Jachmund, a Prussian who was sent to
Istanbul by the German government in order to study Ottoman architecture, but lectured architectural design at the School of Polytechnics in
Istanbul (now
IstanbulTechnical University). The terminal building which rises on an area of 1,200 m2 is one of the most famous examples of European Orientalism, which also influenced the designs of other architects. The building was also modern, having gas lighting and heating in winter.
The terminal restaurant became a meeting point for journalists, writers and other prominent people from the media in the 1950s and 1960s. The same restaurant, today called "Orient Express", is a popular spot among tourists.
The current station is preserved in its original state, but the areas around the terminal building have largely changed since 1890.
Members of the Mevlevi Dervish order regularly conduct ceremonies at Sirkeci Terminal, which tourists and other members of the public can observe for an admission fee.
Source: http://en.wikipedia.org
